Exactly
why some people get acne and some do not is not fully
known.
It is known to be partly hereditary. Several factors
are known to cause acne:
Hormonal activity
Hyperactive sebaceous glands
Accumulation of dead skin cells
Bacteria in the pores
Skin irritation or scratching of any sort
Anabolic steroids
Birth control pills, however many women have reported
reduced acne while on the pill
Those exposed to high levels of chlorine compounds,
particularly chlorinated dioxins, often develop severe,
long-lasting acne, known as Chloracne
Consumption of heat damaged foods. Proteins exposed
to heat are altered in such a way that digestive enzymes
are unable to break them down into constituent amino
acids. These proteins are processed by lymph glands
and excreeted through the skin. Due to the hydophelic
nature of protein, subcutaneous water pressure is increased
which closes off sebum canals, trapping bacteria. A
cyst is the result.
Not causes for acne
Since the medical knowledge about acne is still relatively
small, many misconceptions and rumours about what causes
acne exists:
Diet. Chocolate, chips, sugar, milk and seafood
among others have not been shown to affect acne.
Deficient personal hygiene. Acne is not caused by
dirt. This misconception probably comes from the fact
that blackheads by their nature are black and the
acne infected skin, therefore, looks dirty.
Sex. Rumours have had it that both celibacy and
masturbation are causes for acne. This is not the
case.
Acne is the most common skin disorder, and while it
usually appears in adolescence, adults can get it too.
Acne occurs when hair follicles and the sebaceous glands
inside the follicles are inflamed. Sebaceous glands
make an oily substance called sebum. Too much sebum
can clog the follicles and lead to bacterial growth
and inflammation.
According to the American Academy
of Dermatology, the fo
ur basic mechanisms contributing
to acne are hormones, increased sebum production, changes
inside hair follicles, and bacteria. Acne usually occurs
at age 11 to 14 when the body starts producing male
hormones called androgens. Androgens can over-stimulate
sebaceous glands and make them produce more sebum.
Dead cells inside hair follicles normally are shed
and come out onto the surface of the skin. But in people
with acne, the cells are shed faster, stick together,
mix with sebum, and clog the follicle. Then bacteria
contaminate the skin cell and sebum mixture and grow.
When the body's immune system tries to destroy the bacteria,
inflammation results.
Accutane helps the function of the follicles return
to normal, lowers production of sebum, slows the growth
of a bacterium called Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes),
and reduces inflammation and the chance for scarring.
The drug is unique in its ability to affect all main
underlying causes of acne formation.